Microsoft Sql Mac Client

Posted By admin On 11.04.20

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Microsoft Sql Mac Client Tutorial
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The ODBC drivers for Linux and macOS support AlwaysOn Availability Groups. For more information about AlwaysOn Availability Groups, see:

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You can specify the availability group listener of a given availability group in the connection string. If an ODBC application on Linux or macOS is connected to a database in an availability group that fails over, the original connection is broken and the application must open a new connection to continue work after the failover.

The ODBC drivers on Linux and macOS iterate sequentially through all IP addresses associated with a DNS hostname if you are not connecting to an availability group listener, and multiple IP addresses are associated with the hostname.

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If the DNS server's first returned IP address is not connectable, these iterations can be time consuming. When connecting to an availability group listener, the driver attempts to establish connections to all IP addresses in parallel. If a connection attempt succeeds, the driver discards any pending connection attempts.

Note

Because a connection can fail due to an availability group failover, implement connection retry logic; retry a failed connection until it reconnects. Increasing connection timeout and implementing connection retry logic increases the chance of connecting to an availability group.

Connecting With MultiSubnetFailover

Always specify MultiSubnetFailover=Yes when connecting to a SQL Server 2012 (11.x) availability group listener or SQL Server 2012 (11.x) Failover Cluster Instance. MultiSubnetFailover enables faster failover for all Availability Groups and failover cluster instance in SQL Server 2012 (11.x). MultiSubnetFailover also significantly reduces failover time for single and multi-subnet AlwaysOn topologies. During a multisubnet failover, the client attempts connections in parallel. During a subnet failover, the driver aggressively retries the TCP connection.

The MultiSubnetFailover connection property indicates that the application is being deployed in an availability group or Failover Cluster Instance. The driver tries to connect to the database on the primary SQL Server instance by trying to connect to all the IP addresses. When connecting with MultiSubnetFailover=Yes, the client retries TCP connection attempts faster than the operating system's default TCP retransmit intervals. MultiSubnetFailover=Yes enables faster reconnection after failover of either an AlwaysOn Availability Group or an AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instance. MultiSubnetFailover=Yes applies to both single- and multi-subnet Availability Groups and Failover Cluster Instances.

Use MultiSubnetFailover=Yes when connecting to an availability group listener or Failover Cluster Instance. Otherwise, your application's performance can be negatively affected.

Note the following when connecting to a server in an availability group or Failover Cluster Instance:

Specify MultiSubnetFailover=Yes to improve performance when connecting to a single subnet or multi-subnet Availability Group.
Specify the availability group listener of the availability group as the server in your connection string.
You cannot connect to a SQL Server instance configured with more than 64 IP addresses.
Both SQL Server Authentication or Kerberos Authentication can be used with MultiSubnetFailover=Yes without affecting the behavior of the application.
You can increase the value of loginTimeout to accommodate for failover time and reduce the application's connection retry attempts.
Distributed transactions are not supported.

If read-only routing is not in effect, connecting to a secondary replica location in an availability group fails in the following situations:

If the secondary replica location is not configured to accept connections.
If an application uses ApplicationIntent=ReadWrite and the secondary replica location is configured for read-only access.

A connection fails if a primary replica is configured to reject read-only workloads and the connection string contains ApplicationIntent=ReadOnly.

Specifying Application Intent

The keyword ApplicationIntent can be specified in your connection string. The assignable values are ReadWrite or ReadOnly. The default is ReadWrite.

When ApplicationIntent=ReadOnly, the client requests a read workload when connecting. The server enforces the intent at connection time, and during a USE database statement.

The ApplicationIntent keyword does not work with legacy read-only databases.

Targets of ReadOnly

When a connection chooses ReadOnly, the connection is assigned to any of the following special configurations that might exist for the database:

- A database can allow or disallow read workloads on the targeted Always On database. This choice is controlled by using the ALLOW_CONNECTIONS clause of the PRIMARY_ROLE and SECONDARY_ROLE Transact-SQL statements.

If none of those special targets are available, the regular database is read from.

The ApplicationIntent keyword enables read-only routing.

Read-Only Routing

Read-only routing is a feature that can ensure the availability of a read-only replica of a database. To enable read-only routing, all of the following apply:

You must connect to an Always On Availability Group availability group listener.
The ApplicationIntent connection string keyword must be set to ReadOnly.
The Availability Group must be configured by the database administrator to enable read-only routing.

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Multiple connections each using read-only routing might not all connect to the same read-only replica. Changes in database synchronization or changes in the server's routing configuration can result in client connections to different read-only replicas. You can ensure that all read-only requests connect to the same read-only replica. Ensure this sameness by not passing an availability group listener to the Server connection string keyword. Instead, specify the name of the read-only instance.

Read-only routing may take longer than connecting to the primary. The longer wait is because read-only routing first connects to the primary, and then looks for the best available readable secondary. Due to these multiple staps, you should increase your login timeout to at least 30 seconds.

ODBC Syntax

Two ODBC connection string keywords support AlwaysOn Availability Groups:

ApplicationIntent
MultiSubnetFailover

For more information about ODBC connection string keywords, see Using Connection String Keywords with SQL Server Native Client.

The equivalent connection attributes are:

SQL_COPT_SS_APPLICATION_INTENT
SQL_COPT_SS_MULTISUBNET_FAILOVER

For more information about ODBC connection attributes, see SQLSetConnectAttr.

An ODBC application that uses AlwaysOn Availability Groups can use one of two functions to make the connection:

Function	Description
SQLConnect Function	SQLConnect supports both ApplicationIntent and MultiSubnetFailover via a data source name (DSN) or connection attribute.
SQLDriverConnect Function	SQLDriverConnect supports ApplicationIntent and MultiSubnetFailover via DSN, connection string keyword, or connection attribute.

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Important

To deploy the client to devices running macOS Sierra, correctly configure the Subject name of the management point certificate. For example, use the FQDN of the management point server.

Configure client settings

Use the default client settings to configure enrollment for Mac computers. You can't use custom client settings. To request and install the certificate, the Configuration Manager client for Mac requires the default client settings.

In the Configuration Manager console, go to the Administration workspace. Select the Client Settings node, and then select Default Client Settings.
On the Home tab of the ribbon, in the Properties group, choose Properties.
Select the Enrollment section, and then configure the following settings:
1. Allow users to enroll mobile devices and Mac computers: Yes
2. Enrollment profile: Choose Set Profile.
In the Mobile Device Enrollment Profile dialog box, choose Create.
In the Create Enrollment Profile dialog box, enter a name for this enrollment profile. Then configure the Management site code. Select the Configuration Manager primary site that contains the management points for these Mac computers.
Note
If you can't select the site, make sure that you configure at least one management point in the site to support mobile devices.
Choose Add.
Microsoft outlook with mac os high sierra. In the Add Certification Authority for Mobile Devices window, select the certification authority server that issues certificates to Mac computers.
In the Create Enrollment Profile dialog box, select the Mac computer certificate template that you previously created.
Select OK to close the Enrollment Profile dialog box, and then the Default Client Settings dialog box.
Tip
If you want to change the client policy interval, use Client policy polling interval in the Client Policy client setting group.

The next time the devices download client policy, Configuration Manager applies these settings for all users. To initiate policy retrieval for a single client, see Initiate policy retrieval for a Configuration Manager client.

In addition to the enrollment client settings, make sure that you have configured the following client device settings:

Hardware inventory: Enable and configure this feature if you want to collect hardware inventory from Mac and Windows client computers. For more information, see How to extend hardware inventory.
Compliance settings: Enable and configure this feature if you want to evaluate and remediate settings on Mac and Windows client computers. For more information, see Plan for and configure compliance settings.

For more information, see How to configure client settings.

Download the client for macOS

Download the macOS client file package, Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager - macOS Client (64-bit). Save ConfigmgrMacClient.msi to a computer that runs Windows. This file isn't on the Configuration Manager installation media.
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Run the installer on the Windows computer. Extract the Mac client package, Macclient.dmg, to a folder on the local disk. The default path is C:Program FilesMicrosoftSystem Center Configuration Manager for Mac client.
Copy the Macclient.dmg file to a folder on the Mac computer.
On the Mac computer, run Macclient.dmg to extract the files to a folder on the local disk.
In the folder, make sure that it contains the following files:
- Ccmsetup: Installs the Configuration Manager client on your Mac computers using CMClient.pkg
- CMDiagnostics: Collects diagnostic information related to the Configuration Manager client on your Mac computers
- CMUninstall: Uninstalls the client from your Mac computers
- CMAppUtil: Converts Apple application packages into a format that you can deploy as a Configuration Manager application
- CMEnroll: Requests and installs the client certificate for a Mac computer so that you can then install the Configuration Manager client

Enroll the Mac client

Enroll individual clients with the Mac computer enrollment wizard.

To automate enrollment for many clients, use the CMEnroll tool.

Enroll the client with the Mac computer enrollment wizard

After you install the client, the Computer Enrollment wizard opens. To manually start the wizard, select Enroll from the Configuration Manager preference page.
On the second page of the wizard, provide the following information:
- User name: The user name can be in the following formats:
  - domainname. For example: contosomnorth
  - user@domain. For example: mnorth@contoso.com
    Important
    When you use an email address to populate the User name field, Configuration Manager automatically populates the Server name field. It uses the default name of the enrollment proxy point server and the domain name of the email address. If these names don't match the name of the enrollment proxy point server, fix the Server name during enrollment.
    The user name and corresponding password must match an Active Directory user account that has Read and Enroll permissions on the Mac client certificate template.
- Server name: The name of the enrollment proxy point server.

Client and certificate automation with CMEnroll

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Use this procedure for automation of client installation and requesting and enrollment of client certificates with the CMEnroll tool. To run the tool, you must have an Active Directory user account.

On the Mac computer, navigate to the folder where you extracted the contents of the Macclient.dmg file.
Enter the following command: sudo ./ccmsetup
Wait until you see the Completed installation message. Although the installer displays a message that you must restart now, don't restart, and continue to the next step.
From the Tools folder on the Mac computer, type the following command: sudo ./CMEnroll -s <enrollment_proxy_server_name> -ignorecertchainvalidation -u '<user_name>'
After the client installs, the Mac Computer Enrollment wizard opens to help you enroll the Mac computer. For more information, see Enroll the client by using the Mac computer enrollment wizard.
Example: If the enrollment proxy point server is named server02.contoso.com, and you grant contosomnorth permissions for the Mac client certificate template, type the following command: sudo ./CMEnroll -s server02.contoso.com -ignorecertchainvalidation -u 'contosomnorth'
Note
If the user name includes any of the following characters, enrollment fails: <>'+=,. Use an out-of-band certificate with a user name that doesn't include these characters.
For a more seamless user experience, script the installation steps. Then users only have to supply their user name and password.
Type the password for the Active Directory user account. When you enter this command, it prompts for two passwords. The first password is for the super user account to run the command. The second prompt is for the Active Directory user account. The prompts look identical, so make sure that you specify them in the correct sequence.
Wait until you see the Successfully enrolled message.
To limit the enrolled certificate to Configuration Manager, on the Mac computer, open a terminal window and make the following changes:
1. Enter the command sudo /Applications/Utilities/Keychain Access.app/Contents/MacOS/Keychain Access
2. In the Keychain Access window, in the Keychains section, choose System. Then in the Category section, choose Keys.
3. Expand the keys to view the client certificates. Find the certificate with a private key that you installed, and open the key.
4. On the Access Control tab, choose Confirm before allowing access.
5. Browse to /Library/Application Support/Microsoft/CCM, select CCMClient, and then choose Add.
6. Choose Save Changes and close the Keychain Access dialog box.
Restart the Mac computer.

To verify that the client installation is successful, open the Configuration Manager item in System Preferences on the Mac computer. Also update and view the All Systems collection in the Configuration Manager console. Confirm that the Mac computer appears in this collection as a managed client.

Tip

To help troubleshoot the Mac client, use the CMDiagnostics tool included with the Mac client package. Use it to collect the following diagnostic information:

A list of running processes
The Mac OS X operating system version
Mac OS X crash reports relating to the Configuration Manager client including CCM*.crash and System Preference.crash.
The Bill of Materials (BOM) file and property list (.plist) file created by the Configuration Manager client installation.
The contents of the folder /Library/Application Support/Microsoft/CCM/Logs.

The information collected by CmDiagnostics is added to a zip file that is saved to the desktop of the computer and is named cmdiag-<hostname>-<datetime>.zip

Manage certificates external to Configuration Manager

You can use a certificate request and installation method independent from Configuration Manager. Use the same general process, but include the following additional steps:

When you install the Configuration Manager client, use the MP and SubjectName command-line options. Enter the following command: sudo ./ccmsetup -MP <management point internet FQDN> -SubjectName <certificate subject name>. The certificate subject name is case-sensitive, so type it exactly as it appears in the certificate details.
Example: The management point's internet FQDN is server03.contoso.com. The Mac client certificate has the FQDN of mac12.contoso.com as a common name in the certificate subject. Use the following command: sudo ./ccmsetup -MP server03.contoso.com -SubjectName mac12.contoso.com
If you have more than one certificate that contains the same subject value, specify the certificate serial number to use for the Configuration Manager client. Use the following command: sudo defaults write com.microsoft.ccmclient SerialNumber -data '<serial number>'.
For example: sudo defaults write com.microsoft.ccmclient SerialNumber -data '17D4391A00000003DB'

Renew the Mac client certificate

This procedure removes the SMSID. The Configuration Manager client for Mac requires a new ID to use a new or renewed certificate.