A menu bar is a graphical control element which contains drop-down menus.

1. Mac Menu Bar For Windows Xp
2. Microsoft To Do Mac Menu Bar Disappears
3. Microsoft To Do Mac Menu Bar Windows 10
4. Microsoft To Do Mac Menu Bar Go
5. Customize Mac Menu Bar

The menu bar's purpose is to supply a common housing for window- or application-specific menus which provide access to such functions as opening files, interacting with an application, or displaying help documentation or manuals. Menu bars are typically present in graphical user interfaces that display documents and representations of files in windows and windowing systems but menus can be used as well in command line interface programs like text editors or file managers where drop-down menu is activated with a shortcut or combination key.

Implementations[edit]

Through the evolution of user interfaces, the menu bar has been implemented in different ways by different user interfaces and application programs.

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Missing Menu Bar in Outlook for Mac I have recently installed MS Outlook for Mac (as part of the Office 365 Suite to which I subscribe), but the menu bar is missing. Can anyone provide a clue as to how I can bring it back? Nov 16, 2019 Apple OS X menu bars. The menu bar on a Mac is a thin bar found anchored to the top of the screen. Unlike Microsoft Windows menu bars, which appear in each window, menu bars in OS X always appear at the top of the screen. When you switch to another application, the menu bar changes accordingly. Choose an option for the ribbon: Show Tabs and Commands keeps all the tabs and commands on the ribbon visible all the time. Show tabs shows only the ribbon tabs, so you see more of your document, and you can still quickly switch among the tabs. Auto-Hide ribbon hides the ribbon for the best view of your document, and only shows the ribbon when you select More, or press the ALT key. The menu bar runs along the top of the screen on your Mac. Use the menus and icons in the menu bar to choose commands, perform tasks, and check status. You can set an option in General preferences to automatically hide the menu bar; then it’s shown only when you move the pointer to the top of the screen.

Macintosh[edit]

In the Macintosh operating systems, the menu bar is a horizontal 'bar' anchored to the top of the screen. In macOS, the left side contains the Apple menu, the Application menu (its name will match the name of the current application) and the currently focused application's menus (e.g. File, Edit, View, Window, Help). On the right side, it contains menu extras (for example the system clock, volume control, and the Fast user switching menu (if enabled) and the Spotlight icon. All of these menu extras can be moved horizontally by command-clicking and dragging left or right. If an icon is dragged and dropped vertically it will disappear with a puff of smoke, much like the icons in the dock. In the Classic Mac OS (versions 7 through 9), the right side contains the application menu, allowing the user to switch between open applications. In Mac OS 8.5 and later, the menu can be dragged downwards, which would cause it to be represented on screen as a floating palette.

There is only one menu bar, so the application menus displayed are those of the application that is currently focused. Therefore, for example, if the System Preferences application is focused, its menus are in the menu bar, and if the user clicks on the Desktop which is a part of the Finder application, the menu bar will then display the Finder menus.

Apple experiments in GUI design for the Lisa project initially used multiple menu bars anchored to the bottom of windows, but this was quickly dropped in favor of the current arrangement,^[1] as it proved slower to use (in accordance with Fitts's law). The idea of separate menus in each window or document was later implemented in Microsoft Windows and is the default representation in most Linux desktop environments.

Even before the advent of the Macintosh, the universal graphical menu bar appeared in the Apple Lisa in 1983. It has been a feature of all versions of the Classic Mac OS since the first Macintosh was released in 1984, and is still used today in macOS.

Microsoft Windows[edit]

The menu bar in Microsoft Windows is usually anchored to the top of a window under the title bar; therefore, there can be many menu bars on screen at one time. Menus in the menu bar can be accessed through shortcuts involving the Alt key and the mnemonic letter that appears underlined in the menu title. Pages online. Additionally, pressing Alt or F10 brings the focus on the first menu of the menu bar.

Linux and UNIX[edit]

KDE and GNOME^[2] allow users to turn Macintosh-style and Windows-style menu bars on and off. KDE can have both types in use at the same time.

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The standard GNOME desktop uses a menu bar at the top of the screen, but this menu bar only contains Applications and System menus and status information (such as the time of day); individual programs have their own menu bars as well. The Unity desktop shell shipped with Ubuntu Linux since version 11.04 uses a Macintosh-style menu bar; however, it is hidden unless the mouse pointer hovers over it, similar to the Commodore Amiga example below.

Other window managers and desktop environments use a similar scheme, where programs have their own menus, but clicking one or more of the mouse buttons on the root window brings up a menu containing, for example, commands to launch various applications or to log out.

Window manager menus in Linux are typically configurable either by editing text files, by using a desktop-environment-specific Control Panel applet, or both.

Commodore Amiga[edit]

The Amiga used a menu-bar style similar to that of the Macintosh, with the exception that the machine's custom graphics chips allowed each program to have its own 'screen', with its own resolution and colour settings, which could be dragged down to reveal the screens of other programs. The title/menu bar would typically sit at the top of the screen, and could be accessed by pressing the right mouse button, revealing the names of the various menus. When the right menu button was not pressed down, the menu/title bar would typically display the name of the program which owned the screen, and some other information such as the amount of memory used. When accessing menus with right mouse buttons pressed, one could select multiple menu entries by clicking the left mouse button, and when right mouse button was released, all actions selected in the menus would be performed in the order they were selected. This was known as multiselect.

The Workbench screen title bar would typically display the Workbench version and the amount of free Chip RAM and Fast RAM.^[3] An unusual feature of the Amiga menu system was that the Workbench screen would display a 'Workbench' menu instead of a 'File' or 'Apple' menu, while conforming applications would display 'Project' and 'Tools' menus (projects and tools being, respectively, the Amiga terms for what in other systems are called files or documents, and programs or applications).

Keyboard shortcuts could be accessed by pressing the 'right Amiga' key along with a normal alphanumeric key.^[4] (Some early keyboards had a Commodore key to the left of the spacebar instead of a 'left-Amiga' key.) The filled-in and hollowed-out designs, respectively, of the left- and right-Amiga (or Commodore and Amiga) keys are similar to the closed-Apple and open-Apple keys of Apple II keyboards.

NeXTstep[edit]

The NeXTstep OS for the NeXT machines would display a 'menu palette', by default at the top left of the screen. Clicking on the entries in the menu list would display submenus of the commands in the menu. The contents of the menu change depending on whether the user is 'in' the Workspace Manager or an application. The menus and the sub-menus can easily be torn off and moved around the screen as individual palette windows.

Power users would often switch off the always-on menu, leaving it to be displayed at the mouse pointer's location when the right mouse button was pressed. The same implementation is used by GNUstep and conforming apps, though applications written for the host operating system or another toolkit will use the menu scheme appropriate to that OS or toolkit.

Atari TOS[edit]

The TOS operating system for the Atari ST would display menu bars at the top of the screen like Mac OS. Rather than being 'pulled-down' by holding the mouse button, the menu would appear as soon as the pointer was over its heading. This was done to get around an Apple patent on pull-down menus.

RISC OS[edit]

In RISC OS, clicking the middle button displays a menu list at the location of the mouse pointer. The RISC OS implementation of menus is similar to the context menus of other systems, except that menus will not close if the right mouse button is used to select a menu entry. This allows the user to implement or try out several settings before closing the menu.

Ease-of-use[edit]

In both Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh operating systems, in other similar desktop environments and in some applications, common functions are assigned keyboard shortcuts (e.g. Control-C or Command-C copies the current selection).

Microsoft-style bars are physically located in the same window as the content they are associated with. However, Bruce Tognazzini, former employee of Apple Inc. and Human–computer interaction professional, claims^[5] that the Mac OS's menu bars can be accessed up to five times faster due to Fitts's law: because the menu bar lies on a screen edge, it effectively has an infinite height — Mac users can just 'throw' their mouse pointers toward the top of the screen with the assurance that it will never overshoot the menu bar and disappear.

This assumes that the desired menu is currently enabled, however. If another application has 'focus', the menu will belong to that application instead, requiring the user to check and see which menu is active before 'throwing' the mouse, and often perform an extra step of focusing the desired application before using the menu, which is completely separate from the application it controls. The effectiveness of this technique is also reduced on larger screens or with low mouse acceleration curves, especially due to the time required to travel back to a target in the window after using the menu.^[6] On systems with multiple displays, the menu bar may either be displayed on a single 'main' display, or on all connected displays. The classic Mac OS, and versions of macOS prior to OS X Mavericks displayed only a single menu bar on the main display; Mavericks added the option to show the bar on all displays.

Some applications, e.g. Microsoft Office 2007, Internet Explorer 7 (by default), and Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox 4 in Windows and Linux, have effectively removed the menu bar altogether by hiding it until a key is pressed (typically the 'alt' key). These applications present options to the user contextually, typically using hyperlinks to select actions.

See also[edit]

• IBM Common User Access – the standard that defined several aspects of menu layout commonly used by Windows and several Linux desktop environments today.
• Menu button – where a pop-up menu is beneath a button.

References[edit]

1. ^http://www.folklore.org/images/Macintosh/polaroids/polaroids.14.jpg
2. ^https://code.google.com/p/gnome2-globalmenu/
3. ^Donner, Gregory S. 'Release 3.0'. Workbench Nostalgia: The history of the AmigaOS Graphic User Interface (GUI). Retrieved 2016-03-01.
4. ^Commodore-Amiga, Incorporated (1991). 'The Keyboard'. Amiga User Interface Style Guide. Addison Wesley Publishing Company. p. 147. ISBN0-201-57757-7. Retrieved 2016-03-01. Use a Right-Amiga combination as the default keyboard shortcut for a menu item.
5. ^http://www.asktog.com/basics/firstPrinciples.html#fittsLaw
6. ^http://lists.kde.org/?l=kde-look&m=95705988431395&w=2

Note: You cannot customize the menus or toolbars inEntourage.

• Office for Windows
• Office for Mac OS X

Office for Windows

Office 2010 and 2007 feature the Quick Access Toolbar and theRibbon. The default location of the Quick Access Toolbar is in theupper-left corner of the window, to the right of the program icon. Itcontains icons for actions within the program, which remain the sameregardless of which tab is visible on the Ribbon.

The Ribbon is a set of menus and tools that spans the top of Office2010 and 2007 programs. It replaced the menus (e.g., File,Edit, View) that were available in earlier versionsof Office. The Ribbon groups commands previously found in menus ortoolbars into collections based on activities.

Customizing the Quick Access Toolbar

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You can display the Quick Access Toolbar in the upper-left cornerof the program or below the Ribbon. To move the Quick Access Toolbar,click the down arrow to the right of the Quick Access Toolbar andchoose Show Below the Ribbon or Show Above theRibbon. Alternatively, you can right-click any blank space in theQuick Access Toolbar or Ribbon, click Customize Quick AccessToolbar.., and then check or uncheck Show Quick AccessToolbar below the Ribbon.

To add and remove commands from the Quick Access Toolbar:

1. Right-click the Quick Access Toolbar or Ribbon and selectCustomize Quick Access Toolbar... In Office 2007, makesure the drop-down menu under 'Customize Quick Access Toolbar:' is setto For all documents (default).
2. Select commands you wish to add from the column on the left andclick the Add >> button to move them to the QuickAccess Toolbar.

Note: You can also add commands by locating thedesired command on the Ribbon, right-clicking the command, andchoosing Add to Quick Access Toolbar.

Microsoft To Do Mac Menu Bar Disappears

Customizing the Ribbon

1. In Office 2010, click the File tab, thenOptions, and then, from the menu on the left, clickCustomize Ribbons.

   In Office 2007, click the Microsoft Office Button, then WordOptions, and then, from the menu on the left, clickCustomize.

2. Under 'Choose commands from:', use the drop-down menu to specifythe group of commands you want to browse. Under 'Customize theRibbon:', use the drop-down menu to specify the tabs you want tocustomize.
3. Use the Add >> and << Removebuttons to add and remove commands from the Ribbon. You can alsochoose New Tab.

Microsoft To Do Mac Menu Bar Windows 10

Customizing Office for Mac OS X

Customizing an existing menu or toolbar

Microsoft To Do Mac Menu Bar Go

1. In Office 2011, from the View menu, selectToolbars and then Customize Toolbars andMenus... In Office 2008, from the View menu,select Customize Toolbars and Menus...
2. To remove an item, click and drag it out of its menu or toolbar.
3. If you want to add an item to a toolbar or menu, in thecustomize window, click the Commands tab. Under'Categories:', click the category that best describes the item youwant to add. To the right, a listing of items within that categorywill appear. Click the item you wish to add, and drag it into thetoolbar or menu where you wish to place it.
4. Click OK. The item is now added to the toolbar or menu.

Adding a new menu

Customize Mac Menu Bar

1. In Office 2011, from the View menu, selectToolbars and then Customize Toolbars andMenus... In Office 2008, from the View menu,select Customize Toolbars and Menus...
2. Click the Toolbars and Menus tab and check MenuBar. This will produce a toolbar that looks like the menu bar atthe top of the screen.
3. Click the Commands tab. Under 'Categories:', clickNew Menu. In the window to the right, click the new menu anddrag it to the position in the Menu Bar toolbar where you want it toappear.
4. Right-click or Ctrl-click the new menu baritem and, from the contextual menu, selectProperties... Apply a name to your new menu.
5. Now you can add items to your new menu. In thecustomize window, click the Commands tab, and thenclick the category that best describes the item that you want toadd. In the window to the right, click and drag the item into thesmall box below your new menu. Repeat this process for all items youwish to add to your menu. When you are finished adding items, clickOK. Your new menu will now appear at the top of the screen,and you will be able to select the items within it to use.